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Spirulina is the common name for human and animal food supplements similar to chlorella and aphanizomenon flos-aquae (blue green algae). spirulina comes from two different species of cyanobacteria: arthrospira platensis, and arthrospira maxima. these and other arthrospira species were once classified in the genus spirulina. there is no agreement that they are a distinct genus, and that the food species belong to arthrospira; nonetheless, the older term spirulina remains the popular name.
As a dietary supplement, spirulina has a number of components that make it very desirable. It contains many vitamins, including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), nicotinamide (B3), pyridoxine (B6), folic acid (B9), vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E. Spirulina also contains many different minerals, including calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, sodium, zinc, and large amounts of potassium.
Additionally, spirulina is, by weight, a good source of protein, with around 60% of its dry weight consisting of proteins. Although containing reduced amounts of cysteine, lysine, and methionine when compared to egg or meat proteins, the amino acid content is still significantly higher than that of most plant proteins. It is a very easily-digestible form of protein, as well, and in combination with its other components is very close to a "perfect food".
Because of its low cost, large amount of vitamins and minerals, high protein content, and ease of production, spirulina has often been looked at as a superfood of the future. Especially as a potential candidate to battle malnutrition on a global scale, spirulina has received a great deal of support from groups like the United Nations. Some proponents visualize enormous spirulina ponds feeding thousands of people and helping to supplement their nutrient-poor diets to keep them healthy.
One additional benefit of spirulina, which is a reason many people take spirulina powder daily, is that it is believed to reduce allergic reactions. A small dose taken daily can reduce the amount of interleukin-4 in the body noticeably, helping to reduce the strength of allergy responses. For people with mild allergies, such as hay fever or animal allergies, this little bit can be just enough to keep the body functioning at full strength.
Most cultivated spirulina is produced in open-channel raceway ponds, with paddle-wheels used to agitate the water. the largest commercial producers of spirulina are located in the united states, thailand, india, taiwan, china, pakistan and myanmar (i.e. burma).
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